Last Name, First Name. "Title of Article." Name of Journal, vol. #, no. #, Year, pp. ##-##. Name of Database, DOI. Accessed Day Month Year.
Example of a Citation with One Author
Langhamer, Claire. “Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical Journal, vol. 50, no. 1, 2007, pp. 173-96. ProQuest, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X06005966. Accessed 27 May 2009.
Note: Page numbers should appear after the author's name in in-text citations. Even though p. or pp. is used in the full citation, it does not appear in the in-text citation.
Example of a Citation with Two Authors
Alonso, Alvaro, and Julio A. Camargo. “Toxicity of Nitrite to Three Species of Freshwater Invertebrates.” Environmental Toxicology, vol. 21, no. 1, 3 Feb. 2006, pp. 90-94. Wiley Online Library, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.20155. Accessed 26 May 2009.
Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher, Publication Date.
Note: The City of Publication should only be used if the book was published before 1900, if the publisher has offices in more than one country, or if the publisher is unknown in North America.
Example of a Citation for an Authored Book
Card, Claudia. The Atrocity Paradigm: A Theory of Evil. Oxford UP, 2005.
Note: Page numbers should appear after the author's name in in-text citations.
Example of a Citation for an Edited Book
Bausch, Richard, and R. V. Cassill, editors. The Norton Anthology of Short Fiction. 8th ed., W.W. Norton, 2015.
Example of a Citation for a Book with Multiple Volumes
Scott, Walter. The Poetical Works. Vol. 5, Edinburgh, 1822.
Last Name, First Name. "Title of Webpage." Name of Website, Day Mon. Year, URL.
Example of a Citation for a Webpage with an Individual Author
Del Castillo, Inigo. "How Not to Kill Your Houseplants, According to Botanists." Apartment Therapy, 29 Jan. 2020, www.apartmenttherapy.com/houseplant-tips-botanists-36710191.
Example of a Citation for a Webpage with No Author
"Stunning Lakeside View on Lake Erie." VisitPA, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 7 June 2018, www.visitpa.com/article/stunning-lakeside-views-lake-erie.
Last Name, First Name. "Title of Article." Name of Publication [City, State], Day Mon. Year, p. #.
Note: If the newspaper is a less well-known or local publication, include the city name in brackets after the title of the newspaper. For example, Post and Courier [Charleston, SC]
Example of a Citation for a Print Article
Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured Patients." Washington Post, 24 May 2007, p. LZ01.
Example of a Citation for a News Article from a Website
Morrison, Malcolm. "TSX Recovers on Greece News." Toronto Star, 23 June 2011, www.thestar.com/business/economy/2011/06/23/tsx_recovers_on_greece_news.html.
“Title of the Online Video.” Title of Website, uploaded by Username, date uploaded, URL.
Example of a Citation for a YouTube Video
“Jimmy and Kevin Hart Ride a Roller Coaster.” YouTube, uploaded by The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, 18 June 2014, www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPdbdjctx2I.
Note: Timestamps appear in in-text citations in the format HH.MM.SS.
Last Name, First Name [username or handle]. "Exact post title or text" or description of post. Platform, Day Mon. Year, URL.
Note: If an author’s online handle is different from the name on their account, add the handle in brackets after the name. This is not necessary when the handle resembles the author's name. For example, Alicia Keys's handle is @aliciakeys.
Example of a Citation for a Social Media Post with Text
Chaucer Doth Tweet [@LeVostreGC]. “A daye wythout anachronism ys lyke Emily Dickinson wythout her lightsaber.” Twitter, 7 Apr. 2018, twitter.com/LeVostreGC/status/982829987286827009.
Example of a Citation for a Social Media Post without Text
Hamilton Videos [@hamilton.vods]. Video of King George in Hamilton. Instagram, 5 July 2020, www.instagram.com/p/
CCPEUJLDz0l/.
"Full prompt entered" prompt. Name of Generative AI, version, Publisher, Day Mon. Year, URL.
Note: Always check with your professors before using AI in their classes. They may identify specific instances where AI is acceptable to use, or they may forbid its use altogether.
Examples of Citations for ChatGPT
“Describe the symbolism of the green light in the book The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald” prompt. ChatGPT, 13 Feb. version, OpenAI, 8 Mar. 2023, chat.openai.com/chat.
“In 200 words, describe the symbolism of the green light in The Great Gatsby” follow-up prompt to list sources. ChatGPT, 13 Feb. version, OpenAI, 9 Mar. 2023, chat.openai.com/chat.